Correlation Of Prostate Cancer With Diseases Of The Cardiovascular System And Type 2 Diabetes
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.62480/tjms.2024.vol28.pp24-33Keywords:
prostate cancer, cardiovascular diseases, type 2 diabetes mellitus.Abstract
This study examines the potential correlation between prostate cancer and two prevalent conditions: cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes. Prostate cancer is a significant global health issue, and comprehending its association with other common diseases is crucial for comprehensive patient care and public health initiatives. The study investigates the correlation between prostate cancer and cardiovascular diseases, including hypertension and atherosclerosis, as well as the correlation between prostate cancer and type 2 diabetes mellitus. The results provide insight into potential shared risk factors, underlying mechanisms, and implications for diagnosis, treatment, and prevention strategies for these diseases. This abstract summarises key aspects of the study, highlighting its importance in furthering the understanding of the complex relationships between prostate cancer and cardiovascular disease as well as type 2 diabetes.
References
Dedov I.I., Shestakova M.V., Mayorov A.Yu., et al. Algorithms for specialized medical care for patients with diabetes mellitus: Clinical recommendations (Issue 9) // Diabetes mellitus. - 2019. - T. 22. - No. S1. - P.1-144. https://doi.org/10.14341/DM221S1
Malignant neoplasms in Russia in 2016 (morbidity and mortality) / ed. HELL. Kaprina, V.V. Starinsky, G.V. Petrova. Moscow: MNIOI im. P.A. Herzen - branch of the Federal State Budgetary Institution "National Medical Research Center of Radiology" of the Ministry of Health of Russia, 2018.
Peshkov M.N., Peshkova G.P., Reshetov I.V. The relationship between prostate cancer and type 2 diabetes. Diabetes. 2021;24(6):583-591. https://doi.org/10.14341/DM12672
Pomeshkina S.A., Barbarash O.L., Pomeshkin E.V., Bragin-Maltsev A.I. Mechanisms of the relationship between atherosclerosis and prostate cancer: a review of the literature. CardioSomatics. 2023. T. 14, No. 1. P. 49-58. DOI: https://doi.org/10.17816/CS195493
Abdollah F., Sammon J.D., Reznor G., et al. Medical androgen deprivation therapy and increased non-cancer mortality in nonmetastatic prostate cancer patients aged ≥66 years // Eur J Surg Oncol. 2015. Vol. 41, N 11. P. 1529–1539. doi: 10.1016/j.ejso.2015.06.011
Abi Khalil C. The emerging role of epigenetics in cardiovascular disease // Ther Adv Chronic Dis. 2014. Vol. 5, N 4. P. 178–187. doi: 10.1177/2040622314529325
Aggarwal B.B., Shishodia S., Sandur S.K., et al. Inflammation and cancer: how hot is the link? // Biochem Pharmacol. 2006. Vol. 72, N 11. P. 1605–1621. doi: 10.1016/j.bcp.2006.06.029
Albanes D, Weinstein SJ, Wright ME, et al. Serum insulin, glucose, indices of insulin resistance, and risk of prostate cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2009;101:1272-1279. https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/djp260
Allott E.H., Masko E.M., Freedland S.J. Obesity and prostate cancer: Weighing the evidence // Eur Urol. 2013. Vol. 63, N 5. P. 800–809. doi: 10.1016/j.eururo.2012.11.013
Arcidiacono B, Iiritano S, Nocera A, et al. Insulin Resistance and Cancer Risk: An Overview of the Pathogenetic Mechanisms. Exp Diabetes Res. 2012;2012:1-12. https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/789174
Asia Pacific Cohort Studies Collaboration; Huxley R., Ansary-Mohaddam A., et al. The impact of modifiable risk factors on mortality from prostate cancer in populations of the Asia-Pacific region // Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2007. Vol. 8, N 2. P. 199–205.
Attner B, Landin-OlssonM, LithmanT, et al. Cancer among patients with diabetes, obesity and abnormal blood lipids: a population-based register study in Sweden. Cancer Causes Control. 2012;23(5):769-777 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10552-012-9946-5
Bansal D, Bhansali A, Kapil G, et al. Type 2 diabetes and risk of prostate cancer: a meta-analysis of observational studies. Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis. 2013;16(2):151-158. https://doi.org/10.1038/pcan.2012.40
Batty G.D., Kivimaki M., Clarke R., et al. Modifiable risk factors for prostate cancer mortality in London. forty years of follow-up in the Whitehall study // Cancer Causes Control. 2011. Vol. 22, N 2. P. 311–318. doi: 10.1007/s10552-010-9691-6
Bhatia N., Santos M., Jones L.W., et al. Cardiovascular Effects of Androgen Deprivation Therapy for the Treatment of Prostate Cancer: ABCDE Steps to Reduce Cardiovascular Disease in Patients With Prostate Cancer // Circulation. 2016. Vol. 133, N 5. P. 537–541. doi: 10.1161 /CIRCULATIONAHA. 115.012519
Bonovas S, Filioussi K, Tsantes A. Diabetes mellitus and risk of prostate cancer: a meta-analysis. Diabetologia. 2004;47(6):1071-1078. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00125-004-1415-6
Cattabiani C, Basaria S, Ceda GP. Luci, et al. Relationship between testosterone deficiency and cardiovascular risk and mortality in adult men. J Endocrinol Invest. 2012;35:104-120. https://doi.org/10.3275/8061
Chen Y, Chen Q, Wang Z, Zhou J. Insulin Therapy and Risk of Prostate Cancer: a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies. PLoSOne. 2013;8(11):e81594.https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0081594
Cheng C., Geng F., Cheng X., Guo D. Lipid metabolism reprogramming and its potential targets in cancer // Cancer Commun (Lond). 2018. Vol. 38, N 1. P. 27. doi: 10.1186/s40880-018-0301-4
Dankner R, Boffetta P, Balicer RD, et al. Time-dependent Risk of cancer after a diabetes diagnosis in a cohort of 2.3 million adults. Am J Epidemiol. 2016;183(12):1098-1106. https://doi.org/10.1093/aje/kwv290
Darbinian JA, Ferrara AM, Van Den Eeden SK, et al. Glycemic status and risk of prostate cancer. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2008;17:628-635. https://doi.org/10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-07-2610
Davis M.K., Rajala J.L., Tyldesley S., et al. The Prevalence of Cardiac Risk Factors in Men with Localized Prostate Cancer Undergoing Androgen Deprivation Therapy in British Columbia, Canada // J Oncol.2015. N 2015. P. 820403. doi: 10.1155/2015/820403
de Nigris F., Sica V., Herrmann J., et al. c-Myconcoprotein: cell cycle-related events and new therapeutic challenges in сancer and cardiovascular disease // Cell Cycle. 2003. Vol. 2, N 4. P. 325–328.
Di Francesco S., Robuffo I., Caruso M., et al. Metabolic Alterations, Aggressive Hormone-NaпveProstate Cancer and Cardiovascular Disease: A Complex Relationship // Medicina (Kaunas). 2019. Vol. 55, N 3. P. 62. doi: 10.3390/medicina55030062
Di Sebastiano KM, Bell KE, Mitchell AS, et al. Glucose metabolism during the acute prostate cancer treatment trajectory: The influence of age and obesity. Clin Nutr. 2018;37(1):195-203. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clnu.2016.11.024
Di Sebastiano KM, Pinthus JH, DuivenvoordenWCM, et al. Elevated c-peptides, abdominal obesity and abnormal adipokine profile are associated with higher Gleason scores in prostate cancer. Prostate. 2017;77:211-221. https://doi.org/10.1002/pros.23262
Dixon S., Stockwell B.R. The role of iron and reactive oxygen species in cell death // Nat ChemBiol. 2014. Vol. 10, N 1. P. 9–17. doi: 10.1038/nchembio.1416
Fall K, Garmo H, Gudbjornsdottir S, et al. Diabetes mellitus and prostate cancer risk; a nation wide case-control study within PCBaSe Sweden. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2013;22(6):1102-1109 https://doi.org/10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-12-1046
Farwell W.R., D’Avolio L.W., Scranton R.E., et al. Statins and prostate cancer diagnosis and grade in a veterans population // J Natl Cancer Inst. 2011. Vol. 103, N 11. P. 885–892. doi: 10.1093/jnci/djr108
Galbraith L., Leung H.Y., Ahmad I. Lipid pathway deregulation in advanced prostate cancer // Pharmacol Res. 2018. N 131. P. 177–184. doi: 10.1016/j.phrs.2018.02.022
Hager M., Mikuz G., Bartsch G., et al. The association between local atherosclerosis and prostate cancer // BJU Int. 2007. Vol. 99, N 1. P. 46–48. doi: 10.1111/j.1464-410X.2006.06549.x
Jian Gang P, Mo L, Lu Y, et al. Diabetes mellitus and the risk of prostate cancer: an update and cumulative meta-analysis. Endocr Res. 2015;40(1):54-61. https://doi.org/10.3109/07435800.2014.934961
Kasper JS, Giovannucci E. A meta-analysis of diabetes mellitus and the risk of prostate cancer. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2006;15(11):2056-2062. https://doi.org/10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-06-0410
Keating NL, O’Malley AJ, Smith MR. Diabetes and cardiovascular disease during androgen deprivation therapy for prostate cancer. J Clin Oncol. 2006; 24(27):4448-4456. https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2006.06.2497
Khan M.A., Hashim M.J., Mustafa H., et al. Global Epidemiology of Ischemic Heart Disease: Results from the Global Burden of Disease Study // Cureus. 2020. Vol. 12, N 7. P. e9349. doi: 10.7759/cureus.9349
Kitahara C.M., Berrington de Gonzalez A., Freedman N.D., et al. Total cholesterol and cancer risk in a large prospective study in Korea // J ClinOncol. 2011. Vol. 29, N 12. P. 1592–1598. doi: 10.1200/JCO.2010.31.5200
Lai GY, Park Y, Hartge P, et al. The association between selfreported diabetes and cancer incidence in the NIH-AARP diet and health study. J ClinEndocrinol Metab. 2013;98(3):E497-E502. https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2012-3335
Lawrence YR, Morag O, Benderly M, et al. Association between metabolic syndrome, diabetes mellitus and prostate cancer risk. Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis. 2013;16(2):181-186. https://doi.org/10.1038/pcan.2012.54
Libby P. Mechanisms of acute coronary syndromes and their implications for therapy // N Engl J Med. 2013. Vol. 368, N 21. P. 2004–2013. doi: 10.1056/NEJMra1216063
Magliano DJ, Davis WA, Shaw JE, et al. Incidence and predictors of all-cause and site-specific cancer in type 2 diabetes: the Fremantle diabetes study. Eur J Endocrinol. 2012;167(4):589-599. https://doi.org/10.1530/EJE-12-0053
Matthes K.L., Pestoni G., Korol D., et al. The risk of prostate cancer mortality and cardiovascular mortality of nonmetastatic prostate cancer patients: A population-based retrospective cohort study // UrolOncol. 2018. Vol. 36, N 6. P. 309.e15–309.e23. doi: 10.1016/j.urolonc.2018.02.016
Mondul A.M., Clipp S.L., Helzlsouer K.J., PlatzE.A. Association between plasma total cholesterol concentration and incident prostate cancer in the CLUE II cohort // Cancer Causes Control. 2010. Vol. 21, N 1. P. 61–68. doi: 10.1007/s10552-009-9434-8
Moses K A, Utuama O A, Goodman M, et al. The association of diabetes and positive prostate biopsy in a US veteran population Prostate Cancer. ProstaticDis. 2012;15(1):70-74 https://doi.org/10.1038/pcan.2011.40
Ouimet M. Autophagy in obesity and atherosclerosis: Interrelationships between cholesterol homeostasis, lipoprotein metabolism and autophagy in macrophages and other systems // Biochim Biophys Acta. 2013. Vol. 1831, N 6. P. 1124–1133. doi: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2013.03.007
Pelton K., Freeman M.R., Solomon K.R. Cholesterol and Prostate Cancer // Curr OpinPharmacol. 2012. Vol. 12, N 6. P. 751–759. doi: 10.1016/j.coph.2012.07.006
Perks CM, Zielinska HA, Wang J, et al. Insulin receptor isoform variations in prostate cancer cells. Front Endocrinol. 2016;7:132. https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2016.00132
Platz E.A., Clinton S.K., Giovannucci E. Association between plasma cholesterol and prostate cancer in the PSA era // Int J Cancer. 2008. Vol. 123, N 7. P. 1693–1698. doi: 10.1002/ijc.23715
Preston MA, Riis AH, Ehrenstein V, et al. Metformin use and prostate cancer risk. Eur Urol. 2014;66:1012-1020. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eururo.2014.04.027
Ross S., Stagliano N.E., Donovan M.J., et al. Atherosclerosis and cancer: common molecular pathway of disease development and progression // Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2001. N 947. P. 271–292. Discussion 292–293.
Roth G.A., Johnson C., Abajobir A., et al. Global, regional, and national burden of cardiovascular diseases for 10 causes, 1990 to 2015 // J Am CollCardiol. 2017. Vol. 70, N 1. P. 1–25. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2017.04.052
Samueal VT, Shulman GI. The pathogenesis of insulin resistance: integrating signaling pathways and substrate flux. J Clin Invest 2016;1(26):12-22. https://doi.org/10.1172/JCI77812
Sarrazy V., Sore S., Viaud M., et al. Maintenance of macrophage redox status by ChREBP limits inflammation and apoptosis and protects against advanced atherosclerotic lesion formation // Cell Rep. 2015. Vol. 13, N 1. P. 132–144. doi: 10.1016/j.celrep.2015.08.068
Shafique K., McLoone P., Qureshi K., et al. Cholesterol and the risk of grade-specific prostate cancer incidence: evidence from two large prospective cohort studies with up to 37 years’ follow up // BMC Cancer. 2012. N 12. P. 25. doi: 10.1186/1471-2407-12-25
Shin D.W., Ahn E., Kim H., et al. Non-cancer mortality among long-term survivors of adult cancer in Korea: national cancer registry study // Cancer Causes Control. 2010. Vol. 21, N 6. P. 919–929. doi: 10.1007/s10552-010-9521-x
Simons K., Vaz W.L. Model systems, lipid rafts, and cell membranes // Annu Rev Biophys BiomolStruct. 2004. N 33. P. 269–295. doi: 10.1146/annurev.biophys.32.110601.141803
Sosa V., Molinй T., Somoza R., et al. Oxidative stress and cancer: An Overview // Ageing Res Rev. 2013. Vol. 12, N 1. P. 376–390. doi: 10.1016/j.arr.2012.10.004
Sung H., Ferlay J., Siegel R.L., et al. Global cancer statistics 2020: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries // CA Cancer J Clin. 2021. Vol. 71,N 3. P. 209–249. doi: 10.3322/caac.21660
Tall A.R., Yvan-Charvet L. Cholesterol, inflammation and innate immunity // Nat Rev Immunol. 2015. Vol. 15, N 2. P. 104–116. doi: 10.1038/nri3793
Tapia-Vieyra J.V., Delgado-Coello B., Mas-Oliva J. Atherosclerosis and Cancer; A Resemblance with Far-reaching Implications // Arch Med Res. 2017. Vol. 48, N 1. P. 12–26. doi: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2017.03.005
Tekdoğan UY, Bağcioğlu M, Özcan S, et al. The effect of oral glucose tolerance test on insulin and some related indicators in elderly male patients with prostate cancer and benign prostate hyperplasia. Turkish J Geriatrics. 2015;18:10-14.
Thomas J.A. 2nd, Gerber L., Baсez L.L., et al. Prostate Cancer Risk in Men with Baseline History of Coronary Artery Disease: Results from the REDUCE Study // Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2012. Vol. 21, N 4. P. 576–581. doi: 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-11-1017
Tosi M.R., Bottura G., Lucchi P., et al. Cholesteryl esters in human malignant neoplasms // Int J MolMed. 2003. Vol. 11, N 1. P. 95–98. doi: 10.3892/ijmm.11.1.95
Tsilidis KK, Allen NE, Appleby PN, et al Diabetes mellitus and risk of prostate cancer in the European prospective investigation into cancer and nutrition Int J Cancer. 2015;136(2):372-381. https://doi.org/10.1002/ijc.28989
Tsilidis KK, Kasimis JC, Lopez DS, et al. Type 2 diabetes and cancer: umbrella review of meta-analyses of observational studies. BMJ. 2015;350:g7607. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.g7607
Van Hemelrijck M., Garmo H., Holmberg L., et al. Prostate cancer risk in the Swedish AMORIS study. the interplay among triglycerides, total cholesterol, and glucose // Cancer. 2011. Vol. 117, N 10. P. 2086–2095. doi: 10.1002/cncr.25758
Van Hemelrijck M., Walldius G., Jungner I., et al. Low levels of apolipoprotein A-I and HDL are associated with risk of prostate cancer in the Swedish AMORIS study // Cancer Causes Control. 2011. Vol. 22, N 7. P. 1011–1019. doi: 10.1007/s10552-011-9774-z
Vidal-Vanaclocha F. Inflammation in the molecular pathogenesis of cancer and atherosclerosis // Reumatol Clin. 2009. Vol. 5, Suppl. 1. P. 40–43. doi: 10.1016/j.reuma.2008.12.008
Virmani R., Kolodgie F.E., Burke A.P., et al. Atherosclerotic plaque progression and vulnerability to rupture angiogenesis as a source of intraplaquehemorrhage // Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2005. Vol. 25, N 10. P. 2054–2061. doi: 10.1161/01.ATV.0000178991.71605.18
Wallis C.J., Mahar A.L., Satkunasivam R., et al. Cardiovascular and Skeletal-related Events Following Localized Prostate Cancer Treatment: Role of Surgery, Radiotherapy, and Androgen Deprivation // Urology. 2016. N 97. P. 145–152. doi: 10.1016/j.urology.2016.08.002
Writing Group Members; Mozaffarian D., Benjamin E.J., et al. Heart disease and stroke statistics-2016 update: A report from the American Heart Association // Circulation. 2016. Vol. 133, N 4. P. e38–360. doi: 10.1161/CIR.0000000000000350
Yadav L., Puri N., Rastogi V., et al. Tumourangiogenesis and angiogenic inhibitors: a review // J Clin Diagn Res. 2015. Vol. 9, N 6. P. XE01–XE05. doi: 10.7860/JCDR/2015/12016.6135
Yusuf S., Rangarajan S., Teo K., et al., Cardiovascular risk and events in 17 low-, middle-, and high-income countries // N Engl J Med. 2014. Vol. 371, N 9. P. 818–827. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1311890
Zamboni PF, Simone M, Passaro A, et al. Metabolic profile in patients with benign prostate hyperplasia or prostate cancer and normal glucose tolerance. Horm Metab Res. 2003;35:296-300. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2003-41305
Zaorsky N.G., Churilla T.M., Egleston B.L., et al. Causes of death among cancer patients // Ann Oncol. 2017. Vol. 28, N 2. P. 400–407. doi: 10.1093/annonc/mdw604
Zhang X., Li G., Hu L., et al. Resistive index of prostatic capsular arteries as a predictor of prostate cancer in patients undergoing initial prostate biopsy // Med Oncol. 2014. Vol. 31, N 12. P. 297. doi: 10.1007/s12032-014-0297-9
Zhivotovsky B., Orrenius S. Cell cycle and cell death in disease: past, present and future // J Intern Med. 2010. Vol. 268, N 5. P. 395–409. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2796.2010.02282.x
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
User Rights
Under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC-BY-NC), the author (s) and users are free to share (copy, distribute and transmit the contribution).
Rights of Authors
Authors retain the following rights:
1. Copyright and other proprietary rights relating to the article, such as patent rights,
2. the right to use the substance of the article in future works, including lectures and books,
3. the right to reproduce the article for own purposes, provided the copies are not offered for sale,
4. the right to self-archive the article.